perm filename DIALNE.XGP[E76,JMC] blob
sn#240846 filedate 1976-10-11 generic text, type T, neo UTF8
/LMAR=0/XLINE=3/FONT#0=BASL30/FONT#1=BASI30/FONT#2=BASB30/FONT#3=GACB25/FONT#4=SUP/FONT#5=NGR20/FONT#6=METLB/FONT#7=MS25/FONT#8=SAIL25/FONT#9=SIGN57
␈↓ ↓N␈↓ ␈↓ ¬,DIALNET
␈↓ ↓N␈↓ ␈↓ ∧.␈↓εA Computer Communication Study
␈↓ ↓N␈↓ε␈↓ ¬K␈↓αproposal submitted to
␈↓ ↓N␈↓ε␈↓ ∧eNational Science Foundation
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ ¬>Washington, D.C. 20550
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ εMby
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ ∧?Stanford Arti≡cial Intelligence Laboratory
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ ¬,␈↓εStanford University
␈↓ ↓N␈↓ε␈↓ ¬+␈↓αStanford, California 94305
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ ¬h␈↓εOctober 1976
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ β&Research Proposal Submitted to the National Science Foundation
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Proposed Amount ␈↓&␈↓λ$96,032␈↓␈↓)αβ Proposed E≥ective Date ␈↓&␈↓λ1 July 1977␈↓␈↓)αβ Proposed Duration ␈↓&␈↓λ18 months␈↓␈↓)αβ
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Title ␈↓&␈↓λDialnet: a Computer Communication Study␈↓␈↓)αβ
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Principal Investigator:␈↓ ¬nSubmitting Institution:
␈↓ ↓N␈↓ ␈↓&␈↓λProfessor John McCarthy␈↓␈↓)αβ␈↓ ¬n ␈↓&␈↓λStanford University␈↓␈↓)αβ
␈↓ ↓N␈↓ Soc. Sec. No. ␈↓&␈↓λ558-30-4793␈↓␈↓)αβ␈↓ ¬n Department ␈↓&␈↓λComputer Science Department␈↓␈↓)αβ
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ ¬n Branch ␈↓&␈↓λSchool of Humanities and Sciences␈↓␈↓)αβ
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Make grant to ␈↓&␈↓λ Leland Stanford Junior University ␈↓␈↓)αβ
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Endorsements:
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α↑Principal Investigator␈↓ ¬nDepartment Head␈↓ λ}Institutional Admin. O≠cial
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Name␈↓ α↑␈↓&␈↓λJohn McCarthy ␈↓␈↓)αβ␈↓ ¬n␈↓&␈↓λEdward A. Feigenbaum ␈↓␈↓)αβ␈↓ λ}␈↓&␈↓λ ␈↓␈↓)αβ
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Signature␈↓ α↑␈↓&␈↓λ ␈↓␈↓)αβ␈↓ ¬n␈↓&␈↓λ ␈↓␈↓)αβ␈↓ λ}␈↓&␈↓λ ␈↓␈↓)αβ
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Title␈↓ α↑␈↓&␈↓λ Professor ␈↓␈↓)αβ␈↓ ¬n␈↓&␈↓λProfessor & Chairman ␈↓␈↓)αβ␈↓ λ}␈↓&␈↓λ ␈↓␈↓)αβ
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Telephone␈↓ α↑␈↓&␈↓λ(415) 497-4430 ␈↓␈↓)αβ␈↓ ¬n␈↓&␈↓λ(415) 497-4878 ␈↓␈↓)αβ␈↓ λ}␈↓&␈↓λ ␈↓␈↓)αβ
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Date␈↓ α↑␈↓&␈↓λ ␈↓␈↓)αβ␈↓ ¬n␈↓&␈↓λ ␈↓␈↓)αβ␈↓ λ}␈↓&␈↓λ ␈↓␈↓)αβ
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ ¬8TABLE OF CONTENTS␈↓ n
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ α∞Section␈↓ ¬mPage
␈↓ ↓N␈↓1. Purpose␈↓ ε 2
␈↓ ↓N␈↓2. Scenario␈↓ ε 3
␈↓ ↓N␈↓3. Protocols␈↓ ε 4
␈↓ ↓N␈↓4. Research Issues␈↓ ε 4
␈↓ ↓N␈↓5. Research Plan␈↓ ε 5
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ β1␈↓αAppendices␈↓
␈↓ ↓N␈↓A. Personnel␈↓ ε 5
␈↓ ↓N␈↓B. Current Support␈↓ ε 7
␈↓ ↓N␈↓C. Relevant Experience␈↓ ε 7
␈↓ ↓N␈↓D. Facilities␈↓ ε 8
␈↓ ↓N␈↓E. Budget␈↓ ε 9
␈↓ ↓N␈↓αDialnet Proposal␈↓ `2
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ β51. Purpose ␈↓ π∞␈↓We␈α⊃propose␈α⊃to␈α⊃design␈α⊃protocols␈α⊃that␈α⊃can␈α⊃be
␈↓ π∞␈↓implemented␈α~at␈α~any␈α≠time-shared␈α~computer
␈↓ ↓N␈↓This␈α⊂is␈α⊂a␈α⊂request␈α⊂for␈α⊂a␈α⊂grant␈α⊂to␈α⊃support␈α⊂an ␈↓ π∞␈↓installation␈α$without␈α$joining␈α$any␈α$formal
␈↓ ↓N␈↓eighteen␈α"month␈α!study␈α"and␈α!experimental ␈↓ π∞␈↓network.␈α∃ The␈α∃hardware␈α∃cost␈α∃will␈α⊗be␈α∃from
␈↓ ↓N␈↓implementation␈α of␈α protocols␈α that␈α would␈α permit ␈↓ π∞␈↓$1000␈α
to␈α
$5000␈α
depending␈α
on␈α
how␈α
di≠cult␈α
it␈α
is
␈↓ ↓N␈↓ARPAnet-like␈α
facilities␈α
to␈α
be␈α
provided␈α
to␈α any ␈↓ π∞␈↓to␈α
connect␈α devices␈α
to␈α the␈α
computer.␈α There␈α
will
␈↓ ↓N␈↓time-sharing␈α?␈ααcomputer␈α?␈ααsystem␈α?␈ααthat ␈↓ π∞␈↓be␈α∃programs␈α∃to␈α∃operate␈α∃a␈α⊗telephone␈α∃dialer
␈↓ ↓N␈↓implemented␈α∪them␈α∩and␈α∪equipped␈α∪itself␈α∩with ␈↓ π∞␈↓(rented␈α⊂from␈α⊂the␈α⊂telephone␈α⊂company)␈α⊃and␈α⊂to
␈↓ ↓N␈↓telephone␈α→dialing␈α→equipment␈α→and␈α→modems. ␈↓ π∞␈↓transmit␈α
signals␈α
and␈α
information␈α∞according␈α
to
␈↓ ↓N␈↓We␈α∩call␈α∩the␈α∩system␈α∩Dialnet␈α∩by␈α∩analogy,␈α∩but ␈↓ π∞␈↓the␈α⊃protocols.␈α⊂ Any␈α⊃installation␈α⊂implementing
␈↓ ↓N␈↓unlike␈α(the␈α(ARPAnet,␈α(it␈α(requires␈α'no ␈↓ π∞␈↓the␈α protocols␈α will␈α be␈α able␈α to␈α communicate␈α with
␈↓ ↓N␈↓administrator to "admit" new members. ␈↓ π∞␈↓any␈α∂other.␈α∂ The␈α∂only␈α⊂disadvantage␈α∂compared
␈↓ π∞␈↓with␈α⊃the␈α⊃ARPAnet␈α⊂will␈α⊃be␈α⊃lower␈α⊃speed␈α⊂and
␈↓ ↓N␈↓The␈α≡ARPAnet␈α≡connects␈α≡several␈α≥hundred ␈↓ π∞␈↓higher␈α⊂cost␈α⊂when␈α∂the␈α⊂volume␈α⊂of␈α∂information
␈↓ ↓N␈↓computer␈α∀facilities␈α∀and␈α∀allows␈α∀users␈α∃of␈α∀one ␈↓ π∞␈↓transferred is very high.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓system␈α to␈α log␈α in␈α on␈α others,␈α allows␈α transmission
␈↓ ↓N␈↓of␈α"messages␈α!between␈α"users␈α"of␈α!di≥erent ␈↓ π∞␈↓Like␈α ARPAnet,␈α Dialnet␈α will␈α be␈α most␈α
useful␈α to
␈↓ ↓N␈↓computers,␈α⊗and␈α⊗allows␈α⊗the␈α⊗transfer␈α⊗of␈α⊗≡les ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓↓full␈α⊗time-sharing␈α⊗systems␈↓.␈α⊗ In␈α⊗such␈α∃systems,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓between␈α∂computers.␈α∞ More␈α∂generally,␈α∂it␈α∞allows ␈↓ π∞␈↓each␈α∞user␈α∞has␈α∞named␈α∞disk␈α∞≡les␈α∞than␈α∂are␈α∞kept
␈↓ ↓N␈↓interaction␈α!among␈α programs␈α!in␈α di≥erent ␈↓ π∞␈↓in␈α∩the␈α⊃system␈α∩even␈α⊃when␈α∩he␈α⊃is␈α∩absent␈α⊃(and
␈↓ ↓N␈↓computers. ␈↓ π∞␈↓therefore␈α∀remotely␈α∀accessible),␈α∀and␈α∃new␈α∀≡les
␈↓ π∞␈↓can␈α∃be␈α∃created␈α∃by␈α∃≡le␈α∃transfer␈α∃from␈α∃other
␈↓ ↓N␈↓These␈α≠facilities␈α≠have␈α≠proven␈α≠valuable␈α~in ␈↓ π∞␈↓machines␈α∪and␈α∪on␈α∪receipt␈α∪of␈α∪messages.␈α∪ The
␈↓ ↓N␈↓permitting␈α≤collaboration␈α≥between␈α≤computer ␈↓ π∞␈↓usefulness␈α∩of␈α∪the␈α∩message␈α∪facilities␈α∩normally
␈↓ ↓N␈↓scientists␈α⊃at␈α⊃di≥erent␈α⊃sites␈α⊃and␈α∩in␈α⊃permitting ␈↓ π∞␈↓requires␈α↔that␈α↔users␈α↔habitually␈α↔log␈α↔in␈α⊗each
␈↓ ↓N␈↓nationwide␈α∂access␈α∂to␈α∞unique␈α∂facilities␈α∂such␈α∞as ␈↓ π∞␈↓working␈α∀day␈α∀and␈α∀are␈α∀most␈α∃bene≡cial␈α∀when
␈↓ ↓N␈↓the␈α∩MACSYMA␈α∩system␈α∩for␈α∩computing␈α⊃with ␈↓ π∞␈↓users␈α⊗have␈α⊗individual␈α⊗display␈α↔terminals␈α⊗in
␈↓ ↓N␈↓algebraic␈α and␈α
analytic␈α expressions␈α
at␈α M.I.T.␈α
It ␈↓ π∞␈↓their␈α⊗o≠ces.␈α⊗ Further␈α⊗bene≡ts␈α↔accrue␈α⊗when
␈↓ ↓N␈↓permits␈α⊂a␈α⊂new␈α∂form␈α⊂of␈α⊂publication␈α⊂in␈α∂which ␈↓ π∞␈↓reports␈α⊗are␈α∃normally␈α⊗prepared␈α⊗at␈α∃terminals
␈↓ ↓N␈↓documents␈α→are␈α_kept␈α→in␈α_the␈α→computer,␈α_are ␈↓ π∞␈↓and␈α∂when␈α∂secretaries␈α∞use␈α∂terminals␈α∂for␈α∞letters
␈↓ ↓N␈↓continuously␈α'updatable,␈α(are␈α'immediately ␈↓ π∞␈↓and␈α∞messages.␈α∂ However,␈α∞many␈α∂less␈α∞advanced
␈↓ ↓N␈↓accessible␈α→throughout␈α→the␈α→country,␈α→and␈α→in ␈↓ π∞␈↓installations␈α∞have␈α∞found␈α∞the␈α∞ARPAnet␈α
useful
␈↓ ↓N␈↓which␈α comments␈α from␈α readers␈α are␈α accessible␈α
to ␈↓ π∞␈↓and␈α∃more␈α∃and␈α∃more␈α∃systems␈α∃are␈α∃acquiring
␈↓ ↓N␈↓other readers. ␈↓ π∞␈↓economical full time-sharing capability.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓The␈α
usefulness␈α of␈α
the␈α
ARPAnet␈α has␈α
prompted ␈↓ π∞␈↓While␈α we␈α expect␈α that␈α the␈α ≡rst␈α users␈α of␈α Dialnet
␈↓ ↓N␈↓many␈α≡non-defense␈α≡installations␈α≡to␈α≡try␈α≥to ␈↓ π∞␈↓will␈α*be␈α*regular␈α*computer␈α+users,␈α*the
␈↓ ↓N␈↓connect␈α
to␈α
it,␈α and␈α
in␈α
some␈α cases␈α
this␈α
has␈α been ␈↓ π∞␈↓corresponding␈α⊃ARPAnet␈α⊃facilities␈α⊃have␈α⊃been
␈↓ ↓N␈↓possible,␈α∩but␈α∩in␈α∩other␈α∩cases␈α∪the␈α∩institutional ␈↓ π∞␈↓used␈α"by␈α!non␈α"computer␈α"people,␈α!Dialnet
␈↓ ↓N␈↓and␈α ≡nancial␈α
obstacles␈α have␈α
been␈α insuperable. ␈↓ π∞␈↓protocols␈α⊂will␈α∂not␈α⊂require␈α∂ability␈α⊂to␈α∂program,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓The␈α
main␈α
≡nancial␈α
obstacles␈α
are␈α
the␈α∞need␈α
for ␈↓ π∞␈↓and␈α∀we␈α∀expect␈α∪increasing␈α∀use␈α∀by␈α∀others␈α∪as
␈↓ ↓N␈↓a␈α⊃dedicated␈α⊂computer␈α⊃called␈α⊂an␈α⊃IMP␈α⊂costing ␈↓ π∞␈↓terminals become more widespread.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓about␈α⊂$80,000␈α⊂at␈α⊂each␈α⊂site␈α⊂and␈α⊂the␈α⊃need␈α⊂for
␈↓ ↓N␈↓dedicated␈α communication␈α lines␈α rented␈α by␈α DoD ␈↓ π∞␈↓In␈α⊃order␈α⊃to␈α⊂make␈α⊃the␈α⊃picture␈α⊃more␈α⊂concrete,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓at␈α'great␈α'expense␈α'from␈α'the␈α&telephone ␈↓ π∞␈↓here is a scenario of the use of the system.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓companies.␈α
Other␈α networks␈α
have␈α been␈α
started,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓but␈α∩they␈α∩all␈α⊃have␈α∩problems␈α∩of␈α∩expense␈α⊃and
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓↓also␈α
of␈α
deciding␈α
who␈α
should␈α
be␈α
on␈α∞them␈↓.␈α
Some
␈↓ ↓N␈↓facilities␈α∞have␈α
gone␈α∞to␈α
the␈α∞expense␈α∞of␈α
joining
␈↓ ↓N␈↓more than one network.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓αDialnet Proposal␈↓ `3
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ β02. Scenario ␈↓ π∞␈↓Let␈α⊂us␈α⊂suppose,␈α⊂however,␈α⊂that␈α⊂DAVE␈α⊂is␈α⊂not
␈↓ π∞␈↓logged␈α⊂in␈α∂and␈α⊂the␈α∂caller␈α⊂is␈α∂so␈α⊂informed.␈α∂ He
␈↓ ↓N␈↓A user named Smith types on his terminal ␈↓ π∞␈↓then types
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ ↓nmail Organik ␈↓ π∞␈↓β␈↓ π.locate dave@utex-chem3
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ ↓nDo you have any active work there on ␈↓ π∞␈↓which␈α
obtains␈α the␈α
following␈α
information␈α from
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ ↓nhuman red cell carbonic anhydrase B? ␈↓ π∞␈↓the speci≡ed computer:
␈↓ π∞␈↓β␈↓ π.David Piranha last logged out at
␈↓ ↓N␈↓The␈α_system␈α_looks␈α_up␈α_Organik␈α_in␈α↔Smith's ␈↓ π∞␈↓β␈↓ π.23:47 on 9 May 1976. Plan: I will
␈↓ ↓N␈↓correspondent␈α≠≡le␈α≤and␈α≠discovers␈α≤that␈α≠his ␈↓ π∞␈↓β␈↓ π.be out of touch May 10 through 16.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓computer␈α pseudonym␈α is␈α "NAT"␈α at␈α
a␈α computer ␈↓ π∞␈↓β␈↓ π.I plan to visit Martin Shumway at
␈↓ ↓N␈↓called␈α∞UTEX-CHEM1␈α∞that␈α∞is␈α∞reached␈α∞at␈α
512 ␈↓ π∞␈↓β␈↓ π.the University of Utah on May 17 and
␈↓ ↓N␈↓471-3221␈α∀via␈α∀a␈α∀1200/150␈α∀baud␈α∀asychronous ␈↓ π∞␈↓β␈↓ π.should return by May 18. Will check
␈↓ ↓N␈↓modem.␈α∀ It␈α∀selects␈α∀an␈α∀outgoing␈α∀line␈α∀with␈α∪a ␈↓ π∞␈↓β␈↓ π.mail from Utah.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓matching␈α≤modem,␈α≤dials␈α≤the␈α≥number␈α≤and
␈↓ ↓N␈↓attempts␈α→to␈α→transmit␈α→the␈α→message.␈α~ If␈α→the ␈↓ π∞␈↓Noting␈α
that␈α
the␈α
current␈α
date␈α
is␈α
May␈α
14,␈α so␈α
that
␈↓ ↓N␈↓transmitting␈α
computer␈α
cannot␈α
elicit␈α
a␈α response ␈↓ π∞␈↓there␈α
is␈α
no␈α
point␈α
in␈α
getting␈α
the␈α
message␈α
there
␈↓ ↓N␈↓from␈α the␈α
desired␈α recipient,␈α
it␈α informs␈α
the␈α user ␈↓ π∞␈↓quickly, Smith types
␈↓ ↓N␈↓that␈α⊃it␈α∩will␈α⊃try␈α∩again␈α⊃later␈α∩and␈α⊃send␈α∩him␈α⊃a ␈↓ π∞␈↓β␈↓ π.night mail dave@utex-chem3
␈↓ ↓N␈↓message␈α when␈α
the␈α transmission␈α
has␈α succeeded. ␈↓ π∞␈↓β␈↓ π.I am interested in your work on
␈↓ ↓N␈↓If␈α the␈α user's␈α correspondent␈α ≡le␈α did␈α not␈α contain ␈↓ π∞␈↓β␈↓ π.anhydrase B. If possible, give
␈↓ ↓N␈↓the␈α7telepone␈α7number␈α8and␈α7modem ␈↓ π∞␈↓β␈↓ π.pointers to online documentation,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓characteristics,␈α∞the␈α
user␈α∞would␈α
have␈α∞to␈α
supply ␈↓ π∞␈↓β␈↓ π.else give me a call at 415 497-4430
␈↓ ↓N␈↓them. ␈↓ π∞␈↓β␈↓ π.(Stanford) or 415 321-7580 (home).
␈↓ π∞␈↓The␈α "night␈α
mail"␈α command␈α
causes␈α the␈α
message
␈↓ ↓N␈↓The␈α⊂identity␈α⊂and␈α∂location␈α⊂of␈α⊂the␈α⊂sender␈α∂and ␈↓ π∞␈↓transmission␈α∂to␈α∞be␈α∂deferred␈α∂until␈α∞inexpensive
␈↓ ↓N␈↓date␈α
and␈α
time␈α of␈α
the␈α
message␈α are␈α
automatically ␈↓ π∞␈↓nighttime telephone rates are in force.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓placed␈α∩at␈α⊃the␈α∩front␈α∩of␈α⊃the␈α∩message.␈α∩ At␈α⊃the
␈↓ ↓N␈↓receiving␈α end,␈α if␈α the␈α addressee␈α is␈α logged␈α in␈α on ␈↓ π∞␈↓Additional␈α⊂capabilities␈α⊃of␈α⊂the␈α⊃Dialnet␈α⊂system
␈↓ ↓N␈↓the␈α computer,␈α he␈α is␈α immediately␈α informed␈α that ␈↓ π∞␈↓can␈α
be␈α
used␈α
to␈α
follow␈α
up␈α
on␈α
the␈α
above␈α
inquiry,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓mail␈α∃has␈α∃arrived␈α∀and␈α∃from␈α∃whom.␈α∃ If␈α∀not ␈↓ π∞␈↓as follows.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓logged␈α in,␈α he␈α will␈α receive␈α the␈α message␈α the␈α next
␈↓ ↓N␈↓time␈α he␈α logs␈α in.␈α In␈α either␈α case,␈α he␈α can␈α use␈α the ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓π⊗␈↓ The ability to access remote text ≡les will be
␈↓ ↓N␈↓same facility to respond: ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π.provided (with permission of the owners
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ ↓nmail Smith ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π.required, of course). This interactive
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ ↓nDavid Piranha (DAVE@UTEX-CHEM3) has ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π.reading facility will include the addition of
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ ↓na student working on inhibition by ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π."footnotes" to various parts of the text.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ ↓nanions of anhydrase B. ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π.These footnotes may be declared private
␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π.(i.e. belonging to the reader) or public
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Following up on this lead, the user types ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π.(available to the author and possibly
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ ↓nlink dave@utex-chem3 ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π.others).
␈↓ ↓N␈↓A␈α∨connection␈α is␈α∨made␈α∨to␈α the␈α∨speci≡ed ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓π⊗␈↓ It will be possible to run programs on a
␈↓ ↓N␈↓computer␈α⊗and,␈α⊗if␈α↔DAVE␈α⊗is␈α⊗logged␈α↔in,␈α⊗he ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π.remote computer, permitting experiments
␈↓ ↓N␈↓immediately receives a message saying ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π.with programs developed in other places.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ ↓n** Link request from Smith @SU-CHEM7 ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π.This facility will permit the sharing of
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ ↓n** ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π.unique specialized capabilities over a
␈↓ ↓N␈↓He␈α⊗could␈α⊗then␈α⊗type␈α⊗"␈↓βlink␈↓"␈α⊗and␈α↔have␈α⊗his ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π.geographically distributed population.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓keyboard␈α_and␈α_display␈α_e≥ectively␈α_linked␈α↔to
␈↓ ↓N␈↓those of the caller, permitting a conversation.␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓π⊗␈↓ File transfers will be permitted, with
␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π.suitable error detection and correction
␈↓ ↓N␈↓αDialnet Proposal␈↓ ]4
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ ↓nfeatures, to permit sharing of data. The ␈↓ π∞␈↓Messages␈α∩about␈α∪where␈α∩to␈α∩deliver␈α∪a␈α∩message
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ ↓ncommunication protocol should be able to ␈↓ π∞␈↓sent␈α
by␈α
one␈α
time-sharing␈α
system␈α
to␈α
another␈α
will
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ ↓nadapt to a wide range of noise conditions ␈↓ π∞␈↓be␈α∂handled␈α∂as␈α∂a␈α∂special␈α∂sort␈α∂of␈α⊂message␈α∂that
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ ↓non phone lines. ␈↓ π∞␈↓one␈α program␈α may␈α send␈α another␈α in␈α cases␈α where
␈↓ π∞␈↓the␈α two␈α programs␈α are␈α not␈α written␈α together,␈α but
␈↓ π∞␈↓each␈α⊂must␈α⊂know␈α⊂a␈α⊂certain␈α⊂"public"␈α∂language.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ β,3. Protocols ␈↓ π∞␈↓Thus␈α↔we␈α↔will␈α_attempt␈α↔to␈α↔make␈α_a␈α↔general
␈↓ π∞␈↓format␈α⊂for␈α∂requests,␈α⊂questions,␈α⊂and␈α∂assertions
␈↓ ↓N␈↓In␈α∃order␈α∃to␈α∃make␈α∃these␈α∃facilities␈α∃available, ␈↓ π∞␈↓suitable␈α∞for␈α
communication␈α∞between␈α
computer
␈↓ ↓N␈↓suitable␈α
protocols␈α
must␈α
be␈α
designed,␈α
and␈α in␈α
the ␈↓ π∞␈↓programs.␈α⊃ We␈α⊃will␈α⊃study␈α⊃how␈α⊃to␈α∩make␈α⊃this
␈↓ ↓N␈↓course␈α of␈α this,␈α a␈α number␈α of␈α technical␈α problems ␈↓ π∞␈↓mesh␈α⊃with␈α⊃communication␈α⊃between␈α⊃computer
␈↓ ↓N␈↓have␈α_to␈α_be␈α_solved.␈α_ Besides␈α_the␈α_protocols ␈↓ π∞␈↓programs and people.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓themselves,␈α3which␈α3are␈α2communication
␈↓ ↓N␈↓procedures␈α and␈α data␈α structures,␈α there␈α will␈α be␈α a
␈↓ ↓N␈↓recommended␈α⊂set␈α∂of␈α⊂terminal-level␈α∂commands ␈↓ π∞␈↓α␈↓ λ@4. Research Issues
␈↓ ↓N␈↓with␈α∃syntax␈α⊗prompting␈α∃and␈α⊗standard␈α∃error
␈↓ ↓N␈↓messages. ␈↓ π∞␈↓There␈α
are␈α many␈α
research␈α issues,␈α
and␈α
we␈α don't
␈↓ π∞␈↓expect␈α⊃to␈α⊂settle␈α⊃all␈α⊂of␈α⊃them␈α⊂in␈α⊃the␈α⊃time␈α⊂and
␈↓ ↓N␈↓We␈α∩believe␈α∩that␈α∩we␈α∩have␈α∩the␈α∩experience␈α∩to ␈↓ π∞␈↓with␈α∞the␈α∞resources␈α∞requested␈α∞in␈α∞this␈α∞proposal.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓produce␈α
a␈α∞set␈α
of␈α∞workable␈α
protocols,␈α∞and␈α
that ␈↓ π∞␈↓Since␈α∩we␈α⊃expect␈α∩many␈α∩of␈α⊃the␈α∩issues␈α∩will␈α⊃be
␈↓ ↓N␈↓it␈α∩is␈α∪better␈α∩to␈α∪start␈α∩with␈α∪an␈α∩implementation ␈↓ π∞␈↓clari≡ed␈α
by␈α the␈α
initial␈α implementation,␈α
we␈α will
␈↓ ↓N␈↓than␈α∃to␈α⊗standardize␈α∃something␈α⊗that␈α∃doesn't ␈↓ π∞␈↓concentrate␈α≥on␈α≡getting␈α≥a␈α≡reasonable␈α≥≡rst
␈↓ ↓N␈↓exist.␈α The␈α
latter␈α procedure␈α
in␈α recent␈α years␈α
has ␈↓ π∞␈↓implementation into experimental use.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓led␈α∀to␈α∀gold-plating␈α∀the␈α∀requirements␈α∃to␈α∀the
␈↓ ↓N␈↓extent that the standard is not implementable.␈↓ π∞␈↓Here are some of the issues we will study:
␈↓ ↓N␈↓We␈α⊃propose␈α⊂to␈α⊃devise␈α⊂suitable␈α⊃protocols,␈α⊂test ␈↓ π∞␈↓1.␈α What␈α error␈α correction␈α facilities␈α are␈α required
␈↓ ↓N␈↓them␈α at␈α a␈α few␈α sites,␈α publish␈α them,␈α and␈α attempt ␈↓ π∞␈↓to␈α⊂make␈α⊂up␈α⊃for␈α⊂the␈α⊂de≡ciencies␈α⊃of␈α⊂telephone
␈↓ ↓N␈↓to␈α∪convince␈α∪other␈α∪installations␈α∪to␈α∩implement ␈↓ π∞␈↓lines?
␈↓ ↓N␈↓them.␈α
Almost␈α
certainly,␈α
initial␈α
experience␈α will
␈↓ ↓N␈↓produce␈α≤a␈α≤requirement␈α≤for␈α≤changes,␈α≤and ␈↓ π∞␈↓2.␈α∂What␈α∂is␈α∂the␈α∂minimal␈α∂necessary␈α∂burden␈α∂on
␈↓ ↓N␈↓standardization␈α
committees␈α will␈α
be␈α formed␈α
and ␈↓ π∞␈↓the␈α∩time-sharing␈α∩computers␈α∩carrying␈α∩out␈α∩the
␈↓ ↓N␈↓set␈α#to␈α#work.␈α$ A␈α#likely␈α#forum␈α$for␈α#a ␈↓ π∞␈↓communication?␈α& What␈α&is␈α&the␈α%trade-o≥
␈↓ ↓N␈↓standardization␈α∩e≥ort␈α∩would␈α∩be␈α∩through␈α⊃the ␈↓ π∞␈↓between bu≥er size and compute time?
␈↓ ↓N␈↓ACM␈α∀to␈α∀the␈α∀American␈α∃National␈α∀Standards
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Committee. ␈↓ π∞␈↓3.␈α
Can␈α dial-up␈α
telephone␈α
communication␈α rates
␈↓ π∞␈↓meet␈α∀most␈α∀of␈α∀the␈α∀needs␈α∀for␈α∀communication
␈↓ ↓N␈↓We␈α$propose␈α$to␈α$allow␈α$interaction␈α#with ␈↓ π∞␈↓between␈α≥computers␈α≥belonging␈α≡to␈α≥di≥erent
␈↓ ↓N␈↓ARPAnet␈α→sites␈α_via␈α→TIPs␈α_and␈α→propose␈α_to ␈↓ π∞␈↓research organizations?
␈↓ ↓N␈↓discuss␈α⊃with␈α∩ARPA␈α⊃and␈α⊃DCA␈α∩whether␈α⊃this
␈↓ ↓N␈↓will be allowed. ␈↓ π∞␈↓4.␈α
What␈α is␈α
the␈α best␈α
way␈α
to␈α handle␈α
the␈α fact␈α
that
␈↓ π∞␈↓di≥erent␈α∞modem␈α∞speeds␈α∞have␈α∞di≥erent␈α
prices?
␈↓ ↓N␈↓The␈α⊃most␈α⊃general␈α⊃use␈α⊃of␈α⊃Dialnet␈α⊃involves␈α⊃a ␈↓ π∞␈↓Should␈α one␈α strive␈α for␈α a␈α standard␈α speed␈α or␈α can
␈↓ ↓N␈↓program␈α∩in␈α∪one␈α∩computer␈α∩"waking␈α∪up"␈α∩and ␈↓ π∞␈↓a wide variety be easily accomodated?
␈↓ ↓N␈↓interacting␈α!with␈α!a␈α!program␈α!in␈α another
␈↓ ↓N␈↓machine.␈α
Dialnet␈α
protocols␈α
will␈α handle␈α
human ␈↓ π∞␈↓5.␈α_How␈α_will␈α_the␈α→improved␈α_communication
␈↓ ↓N␈↓messages␈α∃as␈α∃a␈α∃subcase␈α∃of␈α∃this,␈α⊗taking␈α∃into ␈↓ π∞␈↓a≥ect␈α∩research?␈α∩ Since␈α∩changes␈α∩will␈α∩be␈α∩slow,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓account␈α the␈α fact␈α that␈α the␈α subcase␈α will␈α have␈α the ␈↓ π∞␈↓how␈α
can␈α∞we␈α
tell␈α
as␈α∞early␈α
as␈α
possible␈α∞what␈α
the
␈↓ ↓N␈↓most␈α∃application␈α∃for␈α⊗a␈α∃long␈α∃time␈α⊗to␈α∃come. ␈↓ π∞␈↓e≥ects will be?
␈↓ ↓N␈↓αDialnet Proposal␈↓ ←5
␈↓ ↓N␈↓6.␈α∞What␈α∞style␈α∞of␈α∞interaction␈α∞is␈α∂convenient␈α∞for ␈↓ π∞␈↓α␈↓ λkAppendix A
␈↓ ↓N␈↓both␈α↔experienced␈α↔and␈α_inexperienced␈α↔users? ␈↓ π∞␈↓α␈↓ λ⎇Personnel
␈↓ ↓N␈↓How␈α∩can␈α⊃communication␈α∩programs␈α∩be␈α⊃made
␈↓ ↓N␈↓self-teaching without being cumbersome? ␈↓ π∞␈↓Biography of John McCarthy
␈↓ π∞␈↓BORN: September 4, 1927 in Boston,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ β 5. Research Plan ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNMassachusetts
␈↓ ↓N␈↓We␈α plan␈α to␈α undertake␈α this␈α project␈α with␈α rather ␈↓ π∞␈↓EDUCATION: B.S. (Mathematics)
␈↓ ↓N␈↓modest␈α∩sta≠ng.␈α∩ Initial␈α∩emphasis␈α∩will␈α∩be␈α⊃on ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNCalifornia Institute of Technology, 1948.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓designing␈α∨and␈α implementing␈α∨experimental ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNPh.D. (Mathematics) Princeton
␈↓ ↓N␈↓protocols␈α∂using␈α∂existing␈α∂computer␈α⊂facilities␈α∂at ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNUniversity, 1951.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Stanford.␈α∪ Speci≡cally,␈α∪we␈α∩plan␈α∪to␈α∪create␈α∩an
␈↓ ↓N␈↓experimental␈α link␈α between␈α!the␈α computer ␈↓ π∞␈↓HONORS AND SOCIETIES: American
␈↓ ↓N␈↓facilities␈α
of␈α
the␈α
Stanford␈α
Arti≡cial␈α
Intelligence␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNMathematical Society, Association for
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Laboratory␈α∀(SAIL)␈α∪and␈α∀the␈α∀Low␈α∪Overhead ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNComputing Machinery, Sigma Xi, Sloan
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Timesharing␈α System␈α∨(LOTS).␈α The␈α∨only ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNFellow in Physical Science (1957-59),
␈↓ ↓N␈↓additional␈α equipment␈α needed␈α will␈α be␈α a ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNACM National Lecturer (1961), IEEE,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓telephone␈α port␈α with␈α autodial␈α capability␈α for␈α the ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNA.M. Turing Award from Association for
␈↓ ↓N␈↓LOTS␈α≤computer.␈α≤ We␈α≤expect␈α≤this␈α≠initial ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNComputing Machinery (1971).
␈↓ ↓N␈↓development phase will take about 6 months.
␈↓ π∞␈↓PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE: Proctor
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Once␈α
a␈α
working␈α
set␈α
of␈α
protocols␈α
is␈α
developed, ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNFellow, Princeton University (1950-51),
␈↓ ↓N␈↓implementation␈α(will␈α(be␈α)undertaken␈α(in ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNHiggins Research Instructor in
␈↓ ↓N␈↓cooperation␈α%with␈α%at␈α%least␈α&one␈α%outside ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNMathematics, Princeton University (1951-
␈↓ ↓N␈↓university␈α∃research␈α∃group.␈α∃ Professor␈α∃Harry ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πN53), Acting Assistant Professor of
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Huskey␈α∃of␈α⊗the␈α∃University␈α∃of␈α⊗California␈α∃at ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNMathematics, Stanford University (1953-
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Santa␈α∂Cruz␈α∂Information␈α∂Sciences␈α∂Department ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πN55), Assistant Professor of Mathematics,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓has␈α→agreed␈α~to␈α→having␈α→it␈α~on␈α→one␈α~of␈α→the ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNDartmouth College (1955-58), Assistant
␈↓ ↓N␈↓machines␈α⊃there,␈α∩probably␈α⊃a␈α⊃PDP-11/45␈α∩or␈α⊃a ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNProfessor of Communication Science,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Burroughs␈α∪B5000.␈α∩ We␈α∪propose␈α∩to␈α∪install␈α∩a ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNM.I.T. (1958-61), Associate Professor of
␈↓ ↓N␈↓telephone␈α⊂dialout␈α⊃port␈α⊂there␈α⊃and␈α⊂hire␈α⊃a␈α⊂UC ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNCommunication Science, M.I.T. (1961-62),
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Santa␈α Cruz␈α student␈α to␈α do␈α the␈α necessary␈α system ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNProfessor of Computer Science Stanford
␈↓ ↓N␈↓programming␈α?␈α∞and␈α?␈α∞testing.␈α?␈α∞ The ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNUniversity (1962 - present).
␈↓ ↓N␈↓implementation should take about six months.
␈↓ π∞␈↓PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES
␈↓ ↓N␈↓In␈α∂the␈α∂following␈α∂six␈α∂months,␈α∂we␈α∂plan␈α⊂to␈α∂test, ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNAND SCIENTIFIC INTERESTS: With
␈↓ ↓N␈↓evaluate,␈α∪and␈α∩modify␈α∪the␈α∪protocols.␈α∩ During ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNMarvin Minsky organized and directed
␈↓ ↓N␈↓the␈α⊗latter␈α∃part␈α⊗of␈α∃this␈α⊗period,␈α∃we␈α⊗plan␈α∃to ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNthe Arti≡cial Intelligence Project at
␈↓ ↓N␈↓publish␈α-the␈α-protocols␈α-and␈α,encourage ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNM.I.T.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓additional␈α$groups␈α$to␈α$join␈α$the␈α$Dialnet
␈↓ ↓N␈↓community. ␈↓ π∞␈↓Organized and directs Stanford Arti≡cial
␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNIntelligence Project
␈↓ π∞␈↓Developed the LISP programming system for
␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNcomputing with symbolic expressions,
␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNparticipated in the development of the
␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNALGOL 58 and the ALGOL 60
␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNlanguages.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓αDialnet Proposal␈↓ `6
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Present scienti≡c work is in the ≡elds of ␈↓ π∞␈↓[10] (with D. Brian, G. Feldman, and J. Allen)
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Arti≡cial Intelligence, Computation with ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πN"THOR ¬ A Display Based Time-
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Symbolic Expressions, Mathematical ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNSharing System", ␈↓↓Proc. AFIPS Conf.␈↓
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Theory of Computation, Time-Sharing ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πN(FJCC), Vol. 30, Thompson,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞computer systems. ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNWashington, D.C., 1967.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓PUBLICATIONS: ␈↓ π∞␈↓[11] (with James Painter) "Correctness of a
␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNCompiler for Arithmetic Expressions",
␈↓ ↓N␈↓[1] "Towards a Mathematical Theory of ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNAmer. Math. Soc., ␈↓↓Proc. Symposia in
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Computation", in ␈↓↓Proc. IFIP Congress ␈↓ π∞␈↓↓␈↓ πNApplied Math., Math. Aspects of
␈↓ ↓N␈↓↓␈↓ α∞62␈↓, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1963. ␈↓ π∞␈↓↓␈↓ πNComputer Science␈↓, New York, 1967.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓[2] "A Basis for a Mathematical Theory of ␈↓ π∞␈↓[12] "Programs with Common Sense", in
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Computation", in P. Bia≥ort and D. ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNMarvin Minsky (ed.), ␈↓↓Semantic
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Hershberg (eds.), ␈↓↓Computer Programming ␈↓ π∞␈↓↓␈↓ πNInformation Processing␈↓, MIT Press,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓↓␈↓ α∞and Formal Systems␈↓, North-Holland, ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNCambridge, 1968.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Amsterdam, 1963.
␈↓ π∞␈↓[13] (with Lester Earnest, D. Raj. Reddy,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓[3] (with S. Boilen, E. Fredkin, J.C.R. ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNPierre Vicens) "A Computer with Hands,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Licklider) "A Time-Sharing Debugging ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNEyes, and Ears", ␈↓↓Proc. AFIPS Conf.␈↓
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞System for a Small Computer", ␈↓↓Proc. ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πN(FJCC), 1968.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓↓␈↓ α∞AFIPS Conf.␈↓ (SJCC), Vol. 23, 1963.
␈↓ π∞␈↓[14] (with Patrick Hayes) "Some Philosophical
␈↓ ↓N␈↓[4] (with F. Corbato, M. Daggett) "The ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNProblems from the Standpoint of
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Linking Segment Subprogram Language ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNArti≡cial Intelligence", in Donald Michie
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞and Linking Loader Programming ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πN(ed.), ␈↓↓Machine Intelligence 4␈↓, American
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Languages", ␈↓↓Comm. ACM␈↓, July 1963. ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ πNElsevier, New York, 1969.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓[5] "Problems in the Theory of Computation",␈↓ π∞␈↓[15] "The Home Information Terminal", ␈↓↓Man
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞␈↓↓Proc. IFIP Congress 1965␈↓. ␈↓ π∞␈↓↓␈↓ πNand Computer, Proc. Int. Conf., Bordeaux,
␈↓ π∞␈↓↓␈↓ πN1970␈↓, S. Karger, New York, 1972.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓[6] "Time-Sharing Computer Systems", in W.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Orr (ed.), ␈↓↓Conversational Computers␈↓,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Wiley, 1966.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓[7] "A Formal Description of a Subset of
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Algol", in T. Steele (ed.), ␈↓↓Formal
␈↓ ↓N␈↓↓␈↓ α∞Language Description Languages for
␈↓ ↓N␈↓↓␈↓ α∞Computer Programming␈↓, North-Holland,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Amsterdam, 1966.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓[8] "Information", ␈↓↓Scienti≡c American␈↓,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞September 1966.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓[9] "Computer Control of a Hand and Eye", in
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞␈↓↓Proc. Third All-Union Conference on
␈↓ ↓N␈↓↓␈↓ α∞Automatic Control (Technical Cybernetics)␈↓,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ α∞Nauka, Moscow, 1967 (Russian).
␈↓ ↓N␈↓αDialnet Proposal␈↓ `7
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ β,Appendix B ␈↓ π∞␈↓α␈↓ λkAppendix C
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ β∂Current Support ␈↓ π∞␈↓α␈↓ λ4Relevant Experience
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Prof.␈α⊂McCarthy␈α⊂is␈α⊂currently␈α⊂being␈α⊂supported ␈↓ π∞␈↓The␈α=Stanford␈α=Arti≡cial␈α=Intelligence
␈↓ ↓N␈↓by␈α∩the␈α∩Advanced␈α∩Research␈α∪Projects␈α∩Agency ␈↓ π∞␈↓Laboratory␈α,has␈α,been␈α,active␈α,in␈α+the
␈↓ ↓N␈↓under␈α.Contract␈α.MDA903-76-C-0206␈α-(1 ␈↓ π∞␈↓development␈α_of␈α_remote␈α_terminal␈α→and␈α_data
␈↓ ↓N␈↓January␈α⊂1976␈α∂-␈α⊂30␈α∂June␈α⊂1977,␈α∂$916,000/year) ␈↓ π∞␈↓communication␈α systems␈α for␈α a␈α number␈α of␈α years.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓and␈α⊂by␈α⊂the␈α⊂National␈α⊂Science␈α⊂Foundation␈α⊂for ␈↓ π∞␈↓SAIL␈α≡sta≥␈α≡members␈α≡participated␈α≡in␈α≥the
␈↓ ↓N␈↓research␈α?␈απin␈α?␈απVeri≡cation␈α?␈αεOriented ␈↓ π∞␈↓planning␈α↔of␈α↔the␈α↔ARPA␈α↔Network␈α↔and␈α↔the
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Programming␈α⊂under␈α⊂Grant␈α⊂Number␈α∂MCS76- ␈↓ π∞␈↓SAIL␈α⊗computer␈α↔facility␈α⊗(Appendix␈α↔B)␈α⊗was
␈↓ ↓N␈↓00327␈α
(June␈α
1976␈α -␈α
June␈α
1978,␈α $160,000/year). ␈↓ π∞␈↓among␈α∨the␈α≡early␈α∨systems␈α≡in␈α∨which␈α≡the
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Prof.␈α
McCarthy␈α also␈α
oversees␈α (but␈α
recieves␈α no ␈↓ π∞␈↓ARPAnet␈α∀protocol␈α∀was␈α∃implemented␈α∀(1972).
␈↓ ↓N␈↓personal␈α≠support␈α≠from)␈α≠an␈α≠NSF␈α~research ␈↓ π∞␈↓Many␈α⊂of␈α⊂the␈α⊃capabilities␈α⊂that␈α⊂we␈α⊃propose␈α⊂to
␈↓ ↓N␈↓contract␈α∩on␈α∪Exploratory␈α∩Study␈α∪of␈α∩Computer ␈↓ π∞␈↓make␈α∞available␈α
through␈α∞Dialnet␈α∞are␈α
available
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Integrated␈α⊃Assembly␈α⊃Systems␈α∩under␈α⊃Contract ␈↓ π∞␈↓in␈α∪some␈α∪form␈α∪in␈α∪the␈α∪ARPAnet.␈α∀ A␈α∪similar
␈↓ ↓N␈↓NSF␈α⊂APR74-01390␈α⊂A04␈α⊂(April␈α⊂1976␈α⊃-␈α⊂April ␈↓ π∞␈↓capability␈α⊃has␈α⊃been␈α⊂developed␈α⊃over␈α⊃a␈α⊂leased
␈↓ ↓N␈↓1978, $225,000/year). ␈↓ π∞␈↓telephone␈α line␈α between␈α SAIL␈α and␈α the␈α Institute
␈↓ π∞␈↓for␈α Mathematical␈α Studies␈α in␈α the␈α∨Social
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ αfPending Applicatiions ␈↓ π∞␈↓Sciences,␈α∀located␈α∀several␈α∪miles␈α∀away␈α∀on␈α∪the
␈↓ π∞␈↓Stanford campus.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Prof.␈α∀McCarthy␈α∀has␈α∀recently␈α∀submitted␈α∀two
␈↓ ↓N␈↓proposals␈α⊃(involving␈α⊂no␈α⊃personal␈α⊃support)␈α⊂to ␈↓ π∞␈↓Since␈α∞1974,␈α∞the␈α∞SAIL␈α∞timesharing␈α∞system␈α∞has
␈↓ ↓N␈↓the␈α∞National␈α
Science␈α∞Foundation.␈α∞ "A␈α
Uni≡ed ␈↓ π∞␈↓been␈α∂≡tted␈α⊂with␈α∂automatic␈α⊂dialing␈α∂equipment
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Approach␈α to␈α Automatic␈α Programming"␈α (MCS- ␈↓ π∞␈↓in␈α↔conjunction␈α↔with␈α↔Dataphone␈α↔service,␈α↔to
␈↓ ↓N␈↓7683655)␈α⊃would␈α⊃run␈α⊃two␈α⊃years␈α⊃at␈α⊃a␈α⊃level␈α⊃of ␈↓ π∞␈↓permit␈α?␈α6computer-initiated␈α?␈α5data
␈↓ ↓N␈↓$96,000/year,␈α
while␈α
"Veri≡cation␈α∞of␈α
Operating ␈↓ π∞␈↓communications␈α∩with␈α∩other␈α∩computers.␈α⊃ This
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Systems␈α∂written␈α⊂in␈α∂Concurrent␈α⊂Pascal"␈α∂would ␈↓ π∞␈↓permits␈α∪the␈α∪SAIL␈α∩computer␈α∪to␈α∪simulate␈α∩the
␈↓ ↓N␈↓run two years at a level of $37,000/year. ␈↓ π∞␈↓functions␈α∂of␈α⊂teletypewriter␈α∂terminals,␈α∂so␈α⊂as␈α∂to
␈↓ π∞␈↓access␈α⊗programs␈α⊗and␈α⊗data␈α⊗≡les␈α⊗in␈α∃external
␈↓ π∞␈↓machines.␈α; This␈α;is␈α;the␈α;principal
␈↓ π∞␈↓communication␈α(technique␈α(that␈α)will␈α(be
␈↓ π∞␈↓employed␈α∩in␈α∪Dialnet,␈α∩although␈α∪the␈α∩protocols
␈↓ π∞␈↓will␈α∂be␈α∂substantially␈α∂di≥erent␈α∂for␈α∂the␈α∂sake␈α∂of
␈↓ π∞␈↓e≠ciency and reliability.
␈↓ π∞␈↓The␈α
general␈α
problem␈α
of␈α
utilizing␈α
dial␈α
networks
␈↓ π∞␈↓for␈α∂computer␈α∂communication␈α∂has␈α⊂been␈α∂under
␈↓ π∞␈↓study␈α∩in␈α∩the␈α∩Laboratory␈α∩for␈α∩some␈α∩time␈α⊃(e.g.
␈↓ π∞␈↓[1]).
␈↓ π∞␈↓[1]␈α⊗Rubin,␈α⊗Je≥,␈α⊗"Computer␈α⊗Communication
␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π↑via␈α∩the␈α∩Dial-up␈α∩Network",␈α∪␈↓↓Minutes␈α∩of
␈↓ π∞␈↓↓␈↓ π↑the␈α→DECsystem-10␈α~Spring-75␈α→DECUS
␈↓ π∞␈↓↓␈↓ π↑Meeting␈↓,␈α∪Digital␈α∪Equipment␈α∩Computer
␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ π↑Users Society, Maynard, Mass., 1975.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓αDialnet Proposal␈↓ ←8
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ β*Appendix D ␈↓ π∞␈↓The␈α⊂computer␈α⊂facilities␈α∂of␈α⊂the␈α⊂Stanford␈α∂Low
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ βAFacilities ␈↓ π∞␈↓Overhead␈α
Timesharing␈α∞System␈α
will␈α∞consist␈α
of
␈↓ π∞␈↓the␈α∂following.␈α∞ In␈α∂order␈α∞to␈α∂participate␈α∂in␈α∞this
␈↓ ↓N␈↓The␈α≡computer␈α≡facilities␈α≡of␈α≡the␈α≡Stanford ␈↓ π∞␈↓project,␈α⊃a␈α⊂telephone␈α⊃data␈α⊂set␈α⊃with␈α⊂autodialer
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Arti≡cial␈α∩Intelligence␈α∩Laboratory␈α∪include␈α∩the ␈↓ π∞␈↓and computer interface will be needed.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓following␈α⊗equipment,␈α↔most␈α⊗of␈α↔it␈α⊗purchased
␈↓ ↓N␈↓with␈α⊗U.S.␈α⊗Government␈α⊗research␈α⊗funds.␈α∃ At ␈↓ π∞␈↓Central processor: Digital Equipment
␈↓ ↓N␈↓present,␈α⊂we␈α⊂anticipate␈α∂the␈α⊂need␈α⊂of␈α∂additional ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ λ.Corporation KL20 (36 bit
␈↓ ↓N␈↓equipment only at other experimental sites. ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ λ.machine).
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Central processors: Digital Equipment ␈↓ π∞␈↓Primary store: 262k words (36 bit) of 1
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αnCorporation KL10 and KA10. ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ λ.microsecond DEC core.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Primary store: 512k words (36 bit) of 1 to 1.6␈↓ π∞␈↓File store: DEC RP06 disc drive (capacity: 1.6
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αnmicrosecond core (DEC and ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ λ.x 10↑9 bits).
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αnAmpex)
␈↓ π∞␈↓Peripherals: DEC 9-track tape drive,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Swapping store: Librascope disk (5 million ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ λ.Printronix line printer, 48 port
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αnwords). ␈↓ π∞␈↓␈↓ λ.line scanner.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓File store: Ampex disc ≡le (3330-11 type), 6␈↓ π∞␈↓Terminals: 50 ADM3 displays.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αnspindles (capacity: 7.8 x 10␈↓∧9␈↓ bits).
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Peripherals: 4 Dectape drives, 2 mag tape
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αndrives (7 channel), line printer,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αnCalcomp plotter, Xerox Graphics
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αnPrinter
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Terminals: 58 Data Disc displays, 6 III
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αndisplays, 4 IMLAC displays, 10
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αnDatamedia displays, 15 Teletype
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αnterminals, 5 TI terminals
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Realtime processors: DEC PDP-11/45 and
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αnSPS-41 with 8k words (16 bit) of
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αncore and 197k words of Intel
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αnMOS memory.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Communications processor: BBN IMP
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αn(Honeywell DDP-516) connected
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αnto the ARPA Network.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Special equipment: Audio input and output
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αnsystems, hand-eye equipment (4
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αnTV cameras, 2 arms), remote-
␈↓ ↓N␈↓␈↓ αncontrolled cart.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓αDialnet Proposal␈↓ `9
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ ε Appendix E
␈↓ ↓N␈↓α␈↓ ε/Budget
␈↓ ↓N␈↓Eighteen months beginning 1 July 1977.
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ Man 1 Jul.'77 to 1 Jul.'78 to
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ Months 30 Jun.'78 31 Dec.'78
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡A. SALARIES AND WAGES
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ 1.Senior Personnel
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ Professor John McCarthy 1 - - - - - -
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ Principal Investigator (5%)
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ Lester Earnest (10%) 2 $3,689 $1,955
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ Res. Scientist & Lecturer
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ 2..Other Personnel
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ a.Programmer
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ Martin Frost (50%) 7,806 4,137
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ b.Student Research Assistants
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ Acad. yr. 50%, Sum. 100% 7,155 4,550
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ Acad. yr. 50%, Sum. 100% 4,293 4,550
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ (1 Jan. '78 on)
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ c.Support Personnel
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ Secretary (10%) 1,160 615
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ Electronic Technician (15%) 2,226 1,180
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ ______ ______
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ Total Salaries and Wages 26,329 16,987
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡B. STAFF BENEFITS 5,221 3,488
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ 9/1/76 to 8/31/77:19%
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ 9/1/77 to 8/31/78:20%
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ 9/1/78 to 8/31/79:20.8% ______ ______
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡C. TOTAL SALARIES, WAGES,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ AND STAFF BENEFITS 31,550 20,475
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡D. PERMANENT EQUIPMENT
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ 2 computer-Dataphone interfaces 4,000
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡E. EXPENDABLE SUPPLIES 1,000 500
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ & EQUIPMENT(e.g., copying,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ office supplies,postage,
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ freight,consulting,honoraria)
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡F. TRAVEL 1,300 700
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡G. PUBLICATION COSTS 500 500
␈↓ ↓N␈↓αDialnet Proposal␈↓ P10
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡H. COMPUTER COSTS - - - - - -
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡I. OTHER COSTS
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ Telephone 200 100
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ 2 computer phone lines with autodial 920 480
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ ______ ______
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡J. TOTAL DIRECT COSTS (C through I) 39,470 22,755
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡K. INDIRECT COSTS 20,573 13,198
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ 58% of (J less D) ------ ------
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡L. TOTAL COSTS (J plus K) $60,043 $35,953
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡ ------- -------
␈↓ ↓N␈↓β␈↓ α≡Total Budget (eighteen months) $95,996
␈↓ ↓N␈↓¬The source file of this document is DIALNE.PRO[E76,JMC]@SU-AI.